A wing wall is a retaining wall located at the ends of a bridge abutment or culvert. Its primary
purpose is to retain the earth or soil of the approach embankment and protect it from erosion.
In bridge engineering, the top width of wing walls and return walls is designed to withstand
structural loads and provide proper retention of the embankment approaches. According to
standard standard specifications (such as the IRC: SP :13-2022 guidelines), the minimum top
width of wing walls and returns must not be less than 450 mm (45 cm).