Question

A solar thermal collector

एक सौर तापीय संग्राहक

Collects solar energy and reflects it back

Absorbs the solar radiation and dissipates it to the ambient

Collects and converts solar energy into electrical energy

Collects and converts the solar energy into thermal energy and delivers it to the next stage of the system

Answer ( Option D)

Collects and converts the solar energy into thermal energy and delivers it to the next stage of the system

Solution

Solar thermal collector:

It is a device which is used to collect the heat by absorbing the sunlight.
It is mainly used to collect the solar energy and then convert into thermal energy.
The most commonly used solar thermal collector is flat plate collector.

Flat plate solar collector:

The flat-plate solar collectors are probably the most fundamental and most studied technology for solarpowered domestic hot water systems.
The Sun heats a dark flat surface, which collects as much energy as possible, and then the energy is transferred to water, air, or other fluid for further use.
The solar radiation is absorbed by the black plate and transfers heat to the fluid in the tubes.
The thermal insulation prevents heat loss during fluid transfer; the screens reduce the heat loss due to convection and radiation to the atmosphere

The main components of a typical flat-plate solar collector:

Black surface - absorbent of the incident solar energy
Glazing cover - a transparent layer that transmits radiation to the absorber, but prevents radiative and convective heat loss from the surface.
Tubes containing heating fluid to transfer the heat from the collector.
Support structure to protect the components and hold them in place.
Insulation covering sides and bottom of the collector to reduce heat losses.

Advantages:

Easy to manufacture
Low cost
Collect both beam and diffuse radiation
Permanently fixed (no sophisticated positioning or tracking equipment is required)
Little maintenance
The efficiency of flat plate collectors is usually 61%.