Causes of Waterlogging
    1.    Excessive irrigation and poor drainage system by farmers.
    2.    Natural causes such as prolonged rainfall or flood.
    3.    Interflows and seepage from nearby water bodies like lakes, shallow aquifers, etc.
    4.    Soil type like clay holds water due to low permeability.
    5.    An impervious stratum below the topsoil, obstructs the infiltration of rainfall, causing a false water table or perched water table.
    Effects of Waterlogging
    1.    Poor aeration.
    2.    Alters pH.
    3.    Changes in soil temperature.
    4.    Retard cultivation.
    5.    Affects soil nutrients.
    6.    Affects human health due to mosquito breeding and disease vectors.