Lead-acid battery:

• Positive plate: PbO₂ deposited on a grid frame of antimony lead alloy. When battery is fully charged condition, the positive plate is in dark brown in colour.
• Negative plate: Pb, deposited on a grid frame. When the battery is fully charged condition, the negative plate is grey in colour.

When the battery has fully discharged the colour of negative plate is pure white.

• The number of negative plates per cell in a lead acid battery is equal to one more than the number of positive plates. 
• The number of plates in a lead acid cell is always an odd number.
• The number of plates in a cell is whatever is required for the desired AH rating of the battery.
• The battery voltage depends on the number of cells which is a nominal 2 volts per cell times the number of cells.
• The thickness of the plates can change for different usages. 
• Thicker for deep cycle compared to starting batteries. 
• Tubular plates and stronger acid are sometimes used in industrial batteries.
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