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Question
The areal characteristics of a rain storm are represented by a -
o"kkZ rwQku dh {ks=h; fo'ks"krkvksa dks fuEu }kjk n'kkZ;k tkrk gS
A.
DAD curve
B.
Hyetograph
C.
Mass curve
D.
Double mass curve
Answer ( Option A)

DAD curve

Solution

1. Depth area duration (DAD) relationship
Depth of rainfall at a rain gauge station is called point rainfall.
A depth area duration curve expresses graphically the relation between progressively decreasing average depth of rainfall occurs progressively increasing area from the centre of the storm outward to its edge for a given duration of rainfall.
For a rainfall of a given duration, the average depth decreases with the area is an exponential function given by
2. Double mass curve:
• Inconsistency of record is corrected by using double mass curve technique.
• Thus after correction, the pervious record become consistent with present day environmental and land use condition.
• Double mass curve plots between accumulated precipitation of the station (i.e. ∑Px) on y axis v/s the accumulated values of the average of the group of base stations (i.e.∑Pavg)
• Some of the common cause for inconsistency of the records are
• Shifting of rain gauge station to a new location.
• Neighbourhood of the station under going a marked change.
• Replacement of old instrument by new one.
• Change in the ecosystem due to calamities such as forest fires, landslides etc.
• Occurrence of observational error from a certain data.

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